Abstract
The non-invasive assessment of biomarkers is crucial to predict chronic molecular changes and subsequent complications. Here, an AI-assisted volumetric multi-spectral photoacoustic imaging framework has been designed for enhanced visualization of tissue biomarkers and their monitoring. Besides, the multi-frequency spectral photoacoustic imaging approach has enabled multi-scale and multi-contrast imaging. The performances have been tested via tissue mimicking phantoms, at multiple-frequency bandwidths of 5−10 MHz, 10−22 MHz, and 15−29 MHz. Besides the impact of the frequency response of the ultrasound transducer on the PAI depth and resolution has been evaluated in detail, laying the fundamentals for the translation of PAI in clinics.