Shape-memory Polymers – from one time shape shifters to soft actuator

Abstract

Classical shape‐memory polymers are heat‐shrinkable materials, which are of technological,significance as packaging material or assembly materials in electronics. Their one‐way recovery effect,allows a programmed material to recover a permanent shape upon exposure to heat. Various stimuli,besides temperature changes have been realized in polymer‐based materials for inducing SME and,several consecutive shape‐changes could be implemented in one material resulting in multi‐shape,materials. Recently, shape‐memory polymer actuators were introduced allowing reversible shapechanges,controlled by temperature or magnetic fields. The general principles for programming,polymers to exhibit shape recovery or actuation behavior will be explained and potential applications,are outlined including healthcare technologies and rebotics.