Small Angle Neutron Scattering Study of Demixing in Micellar Solutions Containing CTAC and a Partially Fluorinated Cationic Surfactant

Abstract

Demixing of fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon surfactants to form coexisting fluorocarbon-rich and hydrocarbon-rich micelles has been studied by small angle neutron scattering in aqueous solution, using an equimolar mixture of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride and the partially fluorinated cationic surfactant N-(1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorodecanyl)pyridinium chloride, with a deuterated pyridinium headgroup. Measurements have been performed under varying experimental conditions: in both pure aqueous solutions and with salt (0.10 M NaCl), at several contrasts for neutrons obtained by varying the H2O/D2O ratio, mainly at 25 C but also at 60 C to promote mixing of the surfactants. The experiments show that a substantial residual scattering is retained at the solvent composition where the average scattering length density of mixed micelles would match that of the solvent. It is moreover observed that, in solutions without added salt, a prominent correlation peak observed in 100% D2O disappears at the match point. These observations are in accordance with a very broad composition distribution, possibly composed of two populations of mixed micelles of similar sizes but different compositions, but would not result from micelles with merely a highly inhomogeneous internal structure. Increasing the temperature from 25 to 60 C reduces substantially the scattered intensity at zero angle at the match point, as expected for a less broad population of mixed micelles. In the numerical analysis, the scattering data for scattering vector q 0.02 Å-1 were analyzed by the indirect Fourier transform method to give the scattering at zero angle. From these data, the average micelle aggregation number was obtained as 76 at 25 C and 54 at 60 C. The contrast variation results for the intensity at zero angle give a measure of the width of the micelle distribution, which is obtained as = 0.33 at the lower temperature and = 0.20 at 60 C. The result at the low temperature is compatible with the formation of two populations that are polydisperse ( = 0.07) and centered around 18 and 82%; other broad distributions cannot be excluded.