@misc{xiao_enhanced_insecticidal_2022, 
author={Xiao, W., Cao, X., Yao, P., Garamus, V.M., Chen, Q., Cheng, J., Zou, A.},
title={Enhanced Insecticidal Effect and Interface Behavior of Nicotine Hydrochloride Solution by a Vesicle Surfactant},
year={2022},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27206916},
abstract = {Nicotine hydrochloride (NCT) has a good control effect on hemiptera pests, but its poor interfacial behavior on the hydrophobic leaf leads to few practical applications. In this study, a vesicle solution by the eco-friendly surfactant, sodium diisooctyl succinate sulfonate (AOT), was prepared as the pesticide carrier for NCT. The physical chemical properties of NCT-loaded AOT vesicles (NCT/AOT) were investigated by techniques such as dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). The results showed that the pesticide loading and encapsulation efficiency of NCT/AOT were 10.6% and 94.8%, respectively. The size of NCT/AOT vesicle was about 177 nm. SAXS and surface tension results indicated that the structure of the NCT/AOT vesicle still existed with low surface tension even after being diluted 200 times. The contact angle of NCT/AOT was always below 30°, which means it could wet the surface of the cabbage leaf well. Consequently, NCT/AOT vesicles could effectively reduce the bounce of pesticide droplets. In vitro release experiments showed that NCT/AOT vesicles had sustained release properties; 60% of NCT in NCT/AOT released after 24 h, and 80% after 48 h. Insecticidal activity assays against aphids revealed that AOT vesicles exhibited insecticidal activity and could have a synergistic insecticidal effect with NCT after the loading of NCT. Thus, the NCT/AOT vesicles significantly improved the insecticidal efficiency of NCT, which has potential application in agricultural production activities.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27206916} (DOI). Xiao, W.; Cao, X.; Yao, P.; Garamus, V.; Chen, Q.; Cheng, J.; Zou, A.: Enhanced Insecticidal Effect and Interface Behavior of Nicotine Hydrochloride Solution by a Vesicle Surfactant. Molecules. 2022. vol. 27, no. 20, 6916. DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206916}}