@misc{tang_atmospherically_forced_2020, 
author={Tang, S., Storch, H.v., Chen, X.},
title={Atmospherically forced regional ocean simulations of the South China Sea: Scale-dependency of the signal-to-noise ratio},
year={2020},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-19-0144.1},
abstract = {When subjecting ocean models to atmospheric forcing, the models exhibits two types of variability – a response to the external forcing (hereafter referred to as signal) and inherently generated (internal; intrinsic; unprovoked; chaotic) variations (hereafter referred to as noise). Based on an ensemble of simulations with identical atmospherically forced oceanic models which differ only in the initial conditions at different times, the signal-to-noise ratio of the atmospherically forced oceanic model is determined. In the large-scales, the variability of the model output is mainly induced by the external forcing and the proportion of the internal variability is small, so the signal-to-noise ratio is large. For smaller scales, the influence of the external forcing weakens and the influence of the internal variability strengthens, so the signal-to-noise ratio becomes less and less. Thus, the external forcing is dominant for large scales, while most of the variability is internally generated for small scales.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-19-0144.1} (DOI). Tang, S.; Storch, H.; Chen, X.: Atmospherically forced regional ocean simulations of the South China Sea: Scale-dependency of the signal-to-noise ratio. Journal of Physical Oceanography. 2020. vol. 50, no. 1, 133-144. DOI: 10.1175/JPO-D-19-0144.1}}