@misc{tie_antibacterial_biodegradable_2013, 
author={Tie, D., Feyerabend, F., Mueller, W.-D., Schade, R., Liefeith, K., Kainer, K.U., Willumeit, R.},
title={Antibacterial biodegradable Mg-Ag alloys},
year={2013},
howpublished = {journal article},
abstract = {The metallurgical analysis and phase identification showed that all alloys contained Mg4Ag as the dominant β phase. After heat treatment, the mechanical properties of all Mg-Ag alloys were significantly improved and the corrosion rate was also significantly reduced, due to presence of silver. Mg(OH)2 and MgO present the main magnesium corrosion products, while AgCl was found as the corresponding primary silver corrosion product. Immersion tests, under cell culture conditions, demonstrated that the silver content did not significantly shift the pH and magnesium ion release. In vitro tests, with both primary osteoblasts and cell lines (MG63, RAW 264.7), revealed that Mg-Ag alloys show negligible cytotoxicity and sound cytocompatibility. Antibacterial assays, performed in a dynamic bioreactor system, proved that the alloys reduce the viability of two common pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (DSMZ 20231) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (DSMZ 3269), and the results showed that the killing rate of the alloys against tested bacteria exceeded 90%. In summary, biodegradable Mg-Ag alloys are cytocompatible materials with adjustable mechanical and corrosion properties and show promising antibacterial activity, which indicates their potential as antibacterial biodegradable implant materials.},
note = {Tie, D.; Feyerabend, F.; Mueller, W.; Schade, R.; Liefeith, K.; Kainer, K.; Willumeit, R.: Antibacterial biodegradable Mg-Ag alloys. European Cells and Materials. 2013. vol. 25, 284-298.}}