@misc{deing_a_porous_2014, 
author={Deing, A., Luthringer, B., Laipple, D., Ebel, T., Willumeit, R.},
title={A porous TiAl6V4 implant material for medical application},
year={2014},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/904230},
abstract = {Increased durability of permanent TiAl6V4 implants still remains a requirement for the patient’s well-being. One way to achieve a better bone-material connection is to enable bone “ingrowth” into the implant. Therefore, a new porous TiAl6V4 material was produced via Metal Injection Moulding (MIM). Specimens with four different porosities were produced using gas-atomised spherical TiAl6V4 with different powder particle diameters: namely “Small“ (<45 μm), “Medium” (45-63 μm), “Mix” (90% 125-180 μm + 10% < 45 μm), and “Large” (125-180 μm). Tensile tests, compression tests and resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) were used to analyse mechanical properties. These tests revealed an increasing Young’s-modulus with decreasing porosity, i.e., “Large” and “Mix” exhibit mechanical properties closer to bone than to bulk material. By applying X-ray tomography (3D volume) and optical metallographic methods (2D volume and dimensions) the pores were dissected. The pore analysis of the “Mix” and “Large” samples showed pore volumes between 29% and 34%, respectively, with pore diameters ranging up to 175 μm and even above 200 μm for “Large“. Material cytotoxicity on bone cell lines (SaOs-2 and MG-63) and primary cells (human bone derived cells, HBDC) was studied by MTT assays and highlighted an increasing viability with higher porosity.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/904230} (DOI). Deing, A.; Luthringer, B.; Laipple, D.; Ebel, T.; Willumeit, R.: A porous TiAl6V4 implant material for medical application. International Journal of Biomaterials. 2014. vol. 2014, 904230. DOI: 10.1155/2014/904230}}