@misc{silva_pretreatment_effect_2007, 
author={Silva, V., Silva, V.B., Mendes, A., Madeira, L., Silva, H., Michaelmann, J., Ruffmann, B., Pereira Nunes, S.},
title={Pre-treatment Effect on the Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Membrane Transport Properties and Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Performance},
year={2007},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1080/01496390701558342},
abstract = {In this paper a critical study is presented on how the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) membrane properties are affected by a pre-treatment. Membranes based on sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (sPEEK) with sulfonation degree (SD) of 42% were used, plain and modified inorganically with 1 wt.% of zirconium oxide. Nafion® 1135 was used as reference. The results obtained show that the sPEEK polymer (SD=42%) enables the preparation of proton exchange membranes with improved properties compared to Nafion® and to the ZrO2-modified sPEEK membrane, mainly due to its improved relation between proton conductivity and methanol permeation. After the pre-treatment, the plain sPEEK membrane had a performance 6.4 times higher in terms of maximum power output when used in the DMFC.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1080/01496390701558342} (DOI). Silva, V.; Silva, V.; Mendes, A.; Madeira, L.; Silva, H.; Michaelmann, J.; Ruffmann, B.; Pereira Nunes, S.: Pre-treatment Effect on the Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Membrane Transport Properties and Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Performance. Separation Science and Technology. 2007. vol. 42, no. SI 13, 2909-2925. DOI: 10.1080/01496390701558342}}