@misc{janzen_analysis_of_2005, 
author={Janzen, C., Fleige, R., Noll, R., Schwenke, H., Lahmann, W., Knoth, J., Beaven, P., Jantzen, E., Oest, A., Koke, P.},
title={Analysis of small droplets with a new detector for liquid chromatography based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy},
year={2005},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2005.05.033},
abstract = {The miniaturization of analytical techniques is a general trend in speciation analytics. We have developed a new analytical technique combining high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). This enables a molecule-specific separation followed by an element-specific analysis of smallest amounts of complex samples. The liquid flow coming from a HPLC pump is transformed into a continuous stream of small droplets (diameter 50-100 m, volume 65 – 500 pl) using a piezoelectric pulsed nozzle. After the detection of single droplets with a droplet detector, a Q-switched Nd:YAG Laser is triggered to emit a synchronized laser pulse that irradiates a single droplet. The droplets are evaporated and transformed to the plasma state. The spectrum emitted from the plasma is collected by a spherical mirror and directed through the entrance slit of a Paschen-Runge-spectrometer equipped with channel photomultipliers. The spectrometer detects 31 elements simultaneously covering a spectral range from 120 to 589 nm. Purging the measurement chamber with argon enables the detection of vacuum-UV lines. Since the sample is transferred to the plasma state without dilution, very low flow rates in the sub-µl/min range can be realised.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2005.05.033} (DOI). Janzen, C.; Fleige, R.; Noll, R.; Schwenke, H.; Lahmann, W.; Knoth, J.; Beaven, P.; Jantzen, E.; Oest, A.; Koke, P.: Analysis of small droplets with a new detector for liquid chromatography based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Spectrochimica Acta  B. 2005. vol. 60, no. 7-8, 993-1001. DOI: 10.1016/j.sab.2005.05.033}}