@misc{vandam_towards_a_2024, 
author={Van Dam, B.,Helfer, V.,Kaiser, D.,Sinemus, E.,Staneva, J.,Zimmer, M.},
title={Towards a fair, reliable, and practical verification framework for Blue Carbon-based CDR},
year={2024},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad5fa3},
abstract = {While the (re-)establishment of Blue Carbon Ecosystems (BCE) is seen as an important tool to mitigate climate change, the credibility of such nature-based solutions has been marred by recent revelations ranging from weak accounting to malpractice. In light of this, there is a clear need to develop monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) systems towards the reliable, practical, and accurate accounting of additional and durable carbon dioxide removal (CDR). We propose the development of a Blue Carbon Ecosystem Digital Twin (BCE-DT) as a practical solution, integrating real-time data and models into What-If Scenarios of CDR aimed at the quantification of CDR additionality and durability. Critically, such a solution would be amenable to projects across a broad range in spatial scale and ecosytem type. In parallel, we propose the creation of an independent and not-for-profit Standards Development Organization (SDO) for the management of this Digital Twin and oversight of the certification process based on MRV. Considering the interwoven nature of the scientific and policy/legal needs we raise, an improved dialogue and collaboration between the scientific and policy communities is clearly needed. We argue that this BCE-DT, along with its oversight and implementation by a SDO, would fit this niche and support the fair and accurate implementation of MRV critically needed for BCE-based CDR to proceed.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad5fa3} (DOI). Van Dam, B.; Helfer, V.; Kaiser, D.; Sinemus, E.; Staneva, J.; Zimmer, M.: Towards a fair, reliable, and practical verification framework for Blue Carbon-based CDR. Environmental Research Letters. 2024. vol. 19, 081004. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ad5fa3}}