@misc{kakuschke_are_metalinduced_2011, 
author={Kakuschke, A.,Valenthine-Thone, E.,Griesel, S.,Fonfara, S.,Siebert, U.,Prange, A.},
title={Are metal-induced hypersensitivities in harbor seals associated with liver function?},
year={2011},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.05.034},
abstract = {Environmental exposure to metals is believed to affect marine mammal health adversely including immunosuppression or acute as well as chronic inflammatory processes leading to hypersensitivities or autoimmune diseases. Metal-specific hypersensitivities were found in several pinnipeds of the North Sea. However, hypersensitivity is a complex phenomenon whose characteristics are still not completely understood; in particular, effects on health are not well established. In the present study, we compared basic hematological and biochemical parameters of seals with and without metal-specific hypersensitivities. We found altered hematological parameters and liver enzyme patterns in seals with a metal-induced hypersensitivity, including a reduction in macrophages, an increase in lymphocytes, and elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase. These findings support the suggestion of a chronic influence of metal pollutants on the health of marine mammals of the North Sea.v},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.05.034} (DOI). Kakuschke, A.; Valenthine-Thone, E.; Griesel, S.; Fonfara, S.; Siebert, U.; Prange, A.: Are metal-induced hypersensitivities in harbor seals associated with liver function?. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2011. vol. 62, no. 8, 1891-1894. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.05.034}}