@misc{karl_modelling_and_2016, 
author={Karl, M.,Kukkonen, J.,Keuken, M.P.,Luetzenkirchen, S.,Pirjola, L.,Hussein, T.},
title={Modelling and measurements of urban aerosol processes on the neighborhood scale in Rotterdam, Oslo and Helsinki},
year={2016},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4817-2016},
abstract = {This study evaluates the influence of aerosol processes on the particle number (PN) concentrations in three,major European cities on the temporal scale of 1 h, i.e., on the,neighborhood and city scales. We have used selected measured data of particle size distributions from previous campaigns  in  the  cities  of  Helsinki,  Oslo  and  Rotterdam.  The,aerosol  transformation  processes  were  evaluated  using  the aerosol dynamics model MAFOR, combined with a simplified treatment of roadside and urban atmospheric dispersion. We have compared the model predictions of particle number,size distributions with the measured data, and conducted sensitivity analyses regarding the influence of various model input variables. We also present a simplified parameterization for aerosol processes, which is based on the more complex aerosol process computations; this simple model can easily be  implemented  to  both  Gaussian  and  Eulerian  urban  dis-,persion models. Aerosol processes considered in this study were  (i)  the  coagulation  of  particles,  (ii)  the  condensation and evaporation of two organic vapors, and (iii) dry deposi-,tion. The chemical transformation of gas-phase compounds was not taken into account. By choosing concentrations and particle size distributions at roadside as starting point of the computations, nucleation of gas-phase vapors from the exhaust  has  been  regarded  as  post  tail-pipe  emission,  avoid-,ing  the  need  to  include  nucleation  in  the  process  analysis.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4817-2016} (DOI). Karl, M.; Kukkonen, J.; Keuken, M.; Luetzenkirchen, S.; Pirjola, L.; Hussein, T.: Modelling and measurements of urban aerosol processes on the neighborhood scale in Rotterdam, Oslo and Helsinki. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2016. vol. 16, no. 8, 4817-4835. DOI: 10.5194/acp-16-4817-2016}}