@misc{bauer_creep_strength_2012, 
author={Bauer, A.,Neumeier, S.,Pyczak, F.,Goeken, M.},
title={Creep Strength and Microstructure of Polycrystalline Gamma’–Strengthened Cobalt-Base Superalloys},
year={2012},
howpublished = {conference paper: Seven Springs, PA (USA); 09.-13.09.2012},
abstract = {The influence of several alloying elements on the microstructure,and creep properties of polycrystalline Co-base superalloys,hardened with the ternary L12 compound, γ’-Co3(Al,W), are,presented in this work. The stability of the γ/γ’-microstructure was,investigated by long term aging at temperatures of 750 °C and,900 °C. High contents of chromium and iron destabilize the γ/γ’-,microstructure. Additions of nickel widen the γ/γ’- two phase,field. Discontinuous precipitation is observed only in the iridiumcontaining,alloy during aging. In all other alloys no formation of,further intermetallic phases are found even after 1000 hrs aging at,750 °C and 900 °C. Boron has been added for the formation of,grain boundary strengthening intermetallic phases which leads to,an adjacent γ’-depleted zone. Nanoindentation shows that titanium,improves its hardness. The creep strength of the studied alloys is,sufficiently better than that of commercial carbide hardened,polycrystalline Co-base superalloys and already close to γ’-,hardened Ni-base superalloys. An alloy containing 2 at.% titanium,exhibited a creep strength comparable with the Ni-base alloy,IN100. The microstructure after creep tests at 950 °C showed,rafting perpendicular to the compressive load axis, confirming the positive lattice misfit of the alloys at high temperatures which was determined with high energy X-ray diffraction.},
note = {Online available at: \url{} (DOI). Bauer, A.; Neumeier, S.; Pyczak, F.; Goeken, M.: Creep Strength and Microstructure of Polycrystalline Gamma’–Strengthened Cobalt-Base Superalloys. In: Huron, E.; Reed, R.; Hardy, M.; Mills, M.; Montero, R.; Portella, P.; Telesman, J. (Ed.): SUPERALLOYS 2012, Proceedings of the International Conference on Superalloys. Seven Springs, PA (USA). John Wiley & Sons. 2012. 695-703.}}